The Atavism

Sunday, November 22, 2009

Sunday Spinelessness - millipede

I have three talks to present next week so today's edition of Sunday Spinelessness will be short and sharp. In fact, here's an animal I can't say very much about at all, it's err... a millipede:

millipede

For an invertebrate evangelist being able to identify an animal only as far as 'millipede' is sort of like a being a cheerleader for the cute and cuddly and identifying a fury creature as "definitely being some sort of mammal" - faintly depressing. It's only thanks to the arrangement of feet that I can even get that far - centipedes have one pair legs per segment while this guy, and all millipedes have two. Interestingly*, despite the Latin roots of their names no millipede has as many as a thousand legs and, because they always have an odd number of leg bearing segments, no centipede has exactly a hundred.

Be sure to click on the image to see it in higher resolution.

*for certain values of interesting...

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Posted by David Winter 11:55 AM | comments(0)| Permalink |

Sunday, November 15, 2009

Herding Cats

For reasons that are still not entirely clear to me I ended up on the organising committee for three meetings this month. For the two meeting I had the most to do with I ended up preparing the program. This meant collecting an collating abstracts from all the speakers, pasting them into a new document and suffering long silences from the printshop after asking them to get each program finished in an unreasonable length of time.

It's actually been kind of fun hearing all the exciting things that people are up to around the country but I thought I should offer this post as a warning to anyone who, like me, finds themselves doing something like this for the first time and thinks that abstracts will roll in as a steady, manageable stream over a few weeks before the deadline. Here is the a plot of the number of abstracts received for each meeting relative to the deadline for that meeting:

Abstracts recieved relative to deadline

(Lest this be construed as a gripe against any of the interesting speakers we have coming I should admit that we are now one abstract short of a full program: mine)

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Posted by David Winter 6:10 PM | comments(1)| Permalink |

Sunday Spinelessness - damselflies

It's been a bit of a wintry Sunday here in Dunedin so I'll dedicate today's round of Sunday Spinelessness to a group of insects we should see a lot more of as summer takes hold, the Damselflies (Odonata:Zygoptera).

Xzealandcia

That's Xanthocnemis zealandica which is sometimes called the "common redcoat damselfly." It's certainly common enough, visit a pond or wetland in summer and you'll see hundreds of them skimming across the water to lay their eggs or perched on blades of grass or on trees (despite having an insect's full compliment of six legs those limbs are purely for perching - odonates can't walk).

You can probably tell just by looking at Xanthocnemis that damselflies are related to dragonflies, in fact the damsels and the dragons are two infra-orders in the medievaly themed order Odonata . You can tell a damselfly from a dragonfly thanks to the way they hold their wings - damselflies fold them up over their body when they land while dragonflies hold them open (kiwi naturalist Shelia Natusch describes this posture in a slightly morbid way: "wings extended, as though already pinned down on a collector's board") .

Damselflies are expert hunters - adults take small insects on the wing and their nymphs are pretty impressive aquatic predators - some will even take small fish. I don't know that any of the New Zealand species are quite as aggressive as all that but you can see photos of the nymphs thanks to Landcare Research and Waitakere City Council's website (which includes a 'profile' written in the first person).

There are six species of damselfly described in New Zealand - three more Xanthocnemis species (each of which are rare and restricted to a small area) , Austrolestes colensonis (which is blue and almost as comon as X. zealandica) and the self-introduced Ischnura aurora. Despite the lack of a red coat the next picture is likely another X. zealandica (it certainly isn't Austrolestes or Ischnura and as far as I can tel the other Xanthocnemis species aren't known from Dunedin.)
Damselfly perched on grass

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Posted by David Winter 5:30 PM | comments(1)| Permalink |

Sunday, November 8, 2009

Sunday Spinelessness - action sequence

s Lately I've been trying to get some photos of the wolf spiders that scurry about in the bark chips we use as mulch on our garden. Unfortunately those guys are camera shy, really fast and pretty well camouflaged so I don't have any photos of them worth sharing with you but it's amazing what you see when you sit down and wait for a little while. It turns out I'm not the only one keen on our garden's spiders, while I was failing to photograph them a solitary wasp (as opposed to a social one, though there was also just one of them) had gone into the garden to find a suitable host for its larvae and got itself into a lot of trouble - it was crawling out with a worker ant (possibly the endemic species Monomorium antarcticum) attached to its hind leg.

I don't know how this inter-hymenopteran struggle finished, the wasp dragged the ant back into the depths of the garden - but I didn't see anything to suggest the ant was going to let go of that leg. I managed to get a few shots of these guys in action which you can see below (There are higher resolution versions of these images here)

Created with Admarket's flickrSLiDR.

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Posted by David Winter 8:32 AM | comments(0)| Permalink |

Sunday, November 1, 2009

Sunday Spinelessness - crab spiders

Last month we heard about the worlds only known vegetarian spider - a remarkable discovery given the lengths to which the other 40 000 described species go to make animals into meals. There are the familiar web builders from the family Aranediae, active hunders like jumping spiders, the ambush hunting trapdoors and tarantulas and even the bolas spiders which produce a pheromone to attract moths so they can cast a sticky trap at them and, having caught them, draw them in like fish on a line. The subject of todays Sunday Spinelessness are the crab spiders, a family (Thomisidae) of ambush predators that use camouflage and a good deal of patience to get themselves fed.


The crab spiders get their name their name from those elongated front legs which are used to seize and hold on to their pray and from their tendency to scuttle about when disturbed. Most of the larger species, like the two above, hang out inside flowers waiting for would-be pollinators to get close enough for the spider to pounce. In fact, some crab spiders might even mimic the nectar guides of flowers to increase the rate that insects visit their flowers.

Some of the smaller crab spiders like the really tiny one above (probably from the consonant deficient genus Diaea) also hang out in flowers but others hide in the joins of bark, in the leaf litter or, like this one, in fronds of herbaceous plants. I'm not quite as patient as a crab spider so I don't have any photos of them in action but, as ever David Attenborough has a video on the topic:

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Posted by David Winter 8:27 AM | comments(0)| Permalink |